FLIXWEED (Descurainia sophia) with GROUP B/2 resistance: (INHIBITION OF ACETOLACTATE SYNTHASE ) Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase
MUTATION: TRYPTOPHAN 574 to LEUCINE
Flixweed (Descurainia sophia) is a dicot plant in the brassicaceae family. A single amino acid substitution from Tryptophan 574 to Leucine has led to resistance to Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase as indicated in the table below.		Flixweed

Chemical Family	Example Herbicide	Resistance Level
Imidazolinones	Imazethapyr	Resistant > 10 fold
Pyrimidinyl benzoates	Bispyribac-Na	Resistant > 10 fold
Sulfonylureas	Chlorsulfuron	Resistant > 10 fold
Triazolopyrimidine - Type 1	Chloransulam-methyl	Resistant > 10 fold
Triazolinones	Flucarbazone-Na	Resistant > 10 fold

REFERENCES

Deng, W., Q. Yang, Y. Zhang, H. Jiao, Y. Mei, X. Li, and M. Zheng. 2016.  Cross-resistance patterns to acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides of flixweed (Descurainia sophia L.) conferred by different combinations of ALS isozymes with a Pro-197-Thr mutation or a novel Trp-574-Leu mutation.. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology In press : .

Acetolactate synthase (ALS) is the common target of ALS-inhibiting herbicides, and target-site ALS mutations are the main mechanism of resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides. In this study, ALS1 and ALS2 genes with full lengths of 2004 bp and 1998 bp respectively were cloned in individual plants of susceptible (S) or resistant (R) flixweed (Descurainia sophia L.) populations. Two ALS mutations of Pro-197-Thr and/or Trp-574-Leu were identified in plants of three R biotypes (HB24, HB30 and HB42). In order to investigate the function of ALS isozymes in ALS-inhibiting herbicide resistance, pHB24 (a Pro-197-Thr mutation in ALS1 and a wild type ALS2), pHB42 (a Trp-574-Leu mutation in ALS1 and a wild type ALS2) and pHB30 (a Trp-574-Leu mutation in ALS1 and a Pro-197-Thr mutation in ALS2) subpopulations individually homozygous for different ALS mutations were generated. Individuals of pHB30 had mutations in each isozyme of ALS and had higher resistance than pHB24 and pHB42 populations containing mutations in only one ALS isozyme. Moreover, the pHB24 had resistance to SU, TP and SCT herbicides, whereas pHB24 and pHB42 had resistance to these classes of herbicides as well as IMI and PTB herbicides. The sensitivity of isolated ALS enzyme to inhibition by herbicides in these populations correlated with whole plant resistance levels. Therefore, reduced ALS sensitivity resulting from the mutations in ALS was responsible for resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides in flixweed.  Available http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2016.08.006..

This case was entered by Patrick Tranel Email: tranel@illinois.edu

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Cite this site as: Heap, I.  The International Survey of Herbicide Resistant Weeds.  Online.  Internet.  Friday, November 22, 2024 .  Available  www.weedscience.org
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