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AFRICAN MUSTARD
(
Brassica tournefortii
)
with
GROUP B/2 resistance: (INHIBITION OF ACETOLACTATE SYNTHASE )
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase
MUTATION: PROLINE 197 to ALANINE
African Mustard
(
Brassica tournefortii
) is a dicot plant in the brassicaceae family. A single amino acid substitution from Proline 197 to Alanine has led to resistance to Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase as indicated in the table below.
African Mustard
Chemical Family
Example Herbicide
Resistance Level
Imidazolinones
Imazethapyr
Susceptible
Pyrimidinyl benzoates
Bispyribac-Na
Not Determined
Sulfonylureas
Chlorsulfuron
Resistant > 10 fold
Triazolopyrimidine - Type 1
Chloransulam-methyl
Resistant > 10 fold
Triazolinones
Flucarbazone-Na
Not Determined
REFERENCES
Boutsalis, P. ; Karotam, J. ; Powles, S. B.
.
1999
.
Molecular basis of resistance to acetolactate synthase-inhibiting herbicides in
Sisymbrium orientale
and
Brassica tournefortii
.
Pesticide Science
55
:
507 - 516
.
Three Australian
Sisymbrium orientale
and one
Brassica tournefortii
biotypes are resistant to acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides due to their possession of an ALS enzyme with decreased sensitivity to these herbicides. Enzyme kinetic studies revealed no interbiotypic differences within species in
K
m
(pyruvate) (the substrate concentration at which the reaction rate is half maximal) but a greater
V
max
(the rate when the enzyme is fully saturated with substrate) for two of the resistant
S. orientale
biotypes over susceptible levels. F
1
hybrids from reciprocal crosses between resistant and susceptible biotypes of
S. orientale
showed an intermediate response to chlorsulfuron compared to the parental plants. ALS herbicide resistance in
S. orientale
segregated in a 3:1 (resistant:susceptible) ratio in F
2
plants with a single rate of chlorsulfuron, indicating that resistance is inherited as a single, incompletely dominant nuclear gene. Two regions of the ALS structural gene known to vary in ALS-resistant biotypes were amplified and sequenced. Resistant
S. orientale
biotypes NS01 and SS03 contained a single nucleotide substitution in Domain B, predicting a Trp (in susceptible) to Leu (in resistant) amino acid change. Two adjacent nucleotide substitutions (CCT to ATT) predicting a Pro (in susceptible) to Ile (in resistant) change in the primary amino acid sequence were identified in Domain A of resistant
S. orientale
biotype SS01. Likewise, a single nucleotide substitution at the same site in the resistant
B. tournefortii
biotype predicts a Pro (in susceptible) to Ala (in resistant) substitution. No other interbiotypic nucleotide differences predicted amino acid changes in the sequenced regions, suggesting that the amino acid substitutions reported above are responsible for resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides in the respective biotypes.
.
This case was entered by Patrick Tranel Email:
tranel@illinois.edu
PERMISSION MUST BE OBTAINED FIRST if you intend to base a significant portion of a scientific paper on data derived from this site.
Cite this site as:
Heap, I. The International Survey of Herbicide Resistant Weeds. Online. Internet.
Thursday, November 14, 2024
. Available
www.weedscience.org
Copyright © 1993-
2024
WeedScience.org All rights reserved. Fair use of this material is encouraged. Proper citation is requested.
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